Consort XXIV by Henry VIII

	Aug. 22, 1485	Henry Tudor wins battle of Bosworth becoming Henry VII
	Oct 27, 1485	Henry VII bestows the title of Duke of Bedford upon his uncle, Jasper Tudor.
	Dec. 16, 1485	Birth of Katherine of Aragon
	Jan 16, 1486	Marriage of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, daughter of Edward IV
	Sep. 20, 1486	Birth of Arthur, Prince of Wales
	May 24, 1487	Lambert Simnel, pretender to the English throne, is crowned as Edward VI in Dublin.
	Nov 24, 1487	Elizabeth of York is crowned Queen of England.
	Jun 11, 1488	King James III of Scotland murdered at Sauchieburn. He is succeeded by James IV.
	Feb 14, 1489	Henry VII and Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I ally to assist the Bretons in the Treaty of Dordrecht.
	Mar 27, 1489	Treaty of Medina del Campo, Katherine and Arthur Betrothed
	Apr 28, 1489	Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, is killed by a mob while collecting taxes.
	Jul 2, 1489	Thomas Cranmer, Archbishop of Canterbury, born.
	Nov 28, 1489	Margaret Tudor, daughter of Henry VII born at Westminster
	Jun 28, 1491	Birth of Prince Henry, Future Henry VIII
	Jun 8, 1492	Elizabeth Woodville, widow of King Edward IV, dies at Bermondsey.
	Jul 2, 1492	Elizabeth of York gives birth to a daughter, Elizabeth.
	Oct 2, 1492	King Henry VII invades France.
	Feb 10, 1495	Sir William Stanley, Henry VII’s Lord Chamberlain, is executed for complicity in the Perkin Warbeck’s conspiracy.
	Mar 18, 1495	Birth of Mary Tudor, fifth child of Henry VII, at Richmond
	Sep 14, 1495	Elizabeth, daughter of Henry VII, dies at Eltham Palace, aged three years.
	Dec 26, 1495	Jasper Tudor, uncle of Henry VII, dies.
	Mar 5, 1496	Henry VII commissions John and Sebastian Cabot to discover new lands.
	Jul 18, 1496	England joins the Holy League against France.
	Oct 21, 1496	Philip the Handsome marries Juana of Castile, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain.
	Apr 3, 1497	Juan, elder brother of Catherine of Aragon, marries Margaret of Austria.
	Jun 18, 1497	Henry VII ratifies the treaty between his son Arthur, Prince of Wales and Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella of Spain.
	Jun 24, 1497	John Cabot discovers Newfoundland for which he named "Prima Vista."
	Aug 10, 1497	Arthur, Prince of Wales is betrothed to Catherine of Aragon.
	Oct 4, 1497	Juan, brother of Catherine of Aragon and heir to the Spanish throne, dies.
	Dec 21, 1497	Sheen Palace at Richmond is destroyed by fire.
	Apr 8, 1498	Charles VIII of France dies.
	Jul 15, 1498	Perkin Warbeck, pretender to the English throne by pretending to be Edward, Earl of Warwick, is imprisoned in the Tower.
	Aug 23, 1498	Isabella, elder sister of Catherine of Aragon and wife of Manuel I of Portugal, dies giving birth to her son, Miguel. Her son died the following year.
	Feb 22, 1499	Birth of Edmund Tudor, sixth child of Henry VII, at Greenwich Palace
	May 19, 1499	Katherine and Arthur married by Proxy
	Nov 23, 1499	Perkin Warbeck is executed.
	? 1500	Birth of Anne Boleyn
	Feb 24, 1500	Emperor Charles V is born.
	Jun 19, 1500	Death of Edmund Tudor, aged 16, months, at Hatfield
	May 19, 1501	Katherine and Arthur married for the second time by proxy
	Sep 27, 1501	Catherine of Aragon departs from Laredo on the Basque coast to England.
	Oct 2, 1501	Catherine of Aragon arrives at Plymouth, England.
	Nov. 14, 1501	Katherine of Aragon and Arthur, Prince of Wales marry
	Dec 21, 1501	Arthur, Prince of Wales and Catherine of Aragon depart for Wales.
	Apr. 2, 1502	Death of Prince Arthur
	Feb 10, 1503	Elizabeth of York dies, giving birth to her youngest daughter, which she names Catherine.
	Feb 23, 1503	Elizabeth of York buried at Westminster Abbey.
	Jun 25, 1503	Katherine betrothed to Prince Henry
	Aug 8, 1503	Margaret Tudor marries King James IV of Scotland.
	Dec 26, 1503	Pope Julius grants a papal dispensation to allow the marriage of Prince Henry to Catherine of Aragon.
	Feb. 18, 1504	Henry created Prince of Wales
	Nov 24, 1504	Queen Isabella of Castile, mother of Catherine of Aragon, dies. She is succeeded by her daughter Juana.
	Jun 27, 1505	Prince Henry repudiates betrothal to Katherine
	Jan 31, 1506	King Henry VII receives Philip I and Juana of Castile at Windsor. Their ship, enroute from Zeeland to Spain, was blown off course and accidentally landed at Melcombe, near Waymouth.
	Sep 25, 1506	King Philip I of Castile dies at Burgos. His wife Queen Juana becomes insane.
	? 1507	Birth of Jane Seymour
	Dec 21, 1507	Henry VII signs marriage treaty between his daughter Mary and the Archduke Charles, son of Philip I of Spain.
	Apr. 22, 1509	Death of Henry VII - accession of Henry VIII
	May 10, 1509	Henry VII buried at Westminster Abbey next to his wife, Elizabeth of York.

		Queen Katherine of Aragon
	Jun 11, 1509	Henry VIII and Katherine of Aragon married
	Jun 24, 1509	Coronation of Henry VIII and Katherine of Aragon
	Jun 29, 1509	Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and mother of Henry VII, dies at Westminster.
	Jun 31, 1510	Catherine of Aragon gives birth to stillborn daughter.
	Aug 17, 1510	Edmund Dudley, Earl of Suffolk, beheaded at the Tower of London for treason.
	Jan 1, 1511	Birth of Prince Henry
	Feb. 22, 1511	Death of Prince Henry
	Nov 13, 1511	Henry VIII joins the Holy League.
	? 1512	Birth of Katherine Parr
	Apr 10, 1512	Margaret Tudor gives birth to James (later James V of Scotland) in Linlithgow.
	Sep 24, 1513	Tournai surrenders to the English.
	Oct. 1513	Birth of son - died soon after birth
	Aug 6, 1514	Margaret Tudor, sister of Henry VIII, marries Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus.
	Oct 9, 1514	Mary Tudor, younger sister of Henry VIII marries King Louis XII of France
	Nov 5, 1514	Mary Tudor crowned Queen of France.
	Nov. 1514	Birth of son - died soon after birth
	May 13, 1515	Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, marries the already pregnant Mary Tudor at Greenwich. He had secretly married her several months earlier in France without the King's permission.
	Sep. 22, 1515	Birth of Anne of Cleves
	Dec 24, 1515	Thomas Wolsey appointed Lord Chancellor of England.
	Jan 1516	Death of Ferdinand of Aragon, Katherine's father
	Jan 23, 1516	King Ferdinand, father of Catherine of Aragon, dies at Madrigalejo.
	Feb. 18, 1516	Birth of Princess Mary
	Mar 11, 1516	Henry Brandon, son of Charles Brandon and Mary Tudor (younger sister of Henry VIII) born
	Jan 17, 1517	Henry Grey, father of Lady Jane Grey, born.
	Jul 16, 1517	Frances Brandon, daughter of Charles Brandon and Mary Tudor and mother of Lady Jane Grey, born at Hatfield.
	Nov 11, 1517	Thomas Parr, father of Catherine Parr, dies in London.
	Nov 10, 1518	Catherine of Aragon gives birth to another stillborn daughter.
	Feb. 1519	Death of Maximilian, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles of Castile, Katherine's nephew, elected as his replacement
	Jun 1519	Birth of Henry FitzRoy, Bastard son of Henry VIII and Elizabeth Blount
	Feb 04, 1520	Mary Boleyn, former mistress of Henry VIII, marries William Carey.
	Jun 8-26, 1520	Field of the Cloth of Gold held between Henry VIII and Francis I of France.
	Jul 10, 1520	Henry VIII meets Emperor Charles V at Gravelines.
	May 17, 1521	Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, executed for high treason.
	Oct 11, 1521	Henry VIII named Defender of the Faith by Pope Leo X.
	1524	Katherine past childbearing, Henry VIII on longer sleeps with her
	? 1525	Birth of Katherine Howard
	Feb. 1526	Henry VIII begins courting Anne Boleyn
	May 17, 1527	Ecclesiastical court established at Westminster to hear Henry VIII's arguments requesting an annulment of his marriage to Katherine of Aragon
	Jun 18, 1525	Henry Fitzroy, illegitimate son of Henry VIII is created Duke of Richmond. Thomas Boleyn is created Viscount Rochford. At this ceremony is where Henry first spots his daughter, Anne Boleyn.
	Jun 22, 1527	Henry tells Katherine he doubts the validity of their marriage
	Sep. 1527	Henry VIII asks Pope for an annulment
	Apr 2, 1528	Margaret Tudor marries her third husband, Henry Stewart, 1st Lord Methven
	Sep. 29, 1528	Cardinal Campeggio sent by Pope to hear Henry VIII's case
	May 20, 1529	Lady Maud Green Parr, mother of Catherine Parr, dies.
	May 31, 1529	Legatine court opens at Black Friars
	Oct 26, 1529	Sir Thomas More appointed Lord Chancellor of England to replace Thomas Wolsey
	Dec 8, 1529	Thomas Boleyn created Earl of Wiltshire.
	Nov. 1530	Death of Cardinal Wolsey
	Nov 4, 1530	Thomas Wolsey is arrested for high treason.
	Nov 29, 1530	Thomas Wolsey dies at Leicester while enroute to London to be executed.
	Feb. 11, 1531	Parliament makes Henry VIII Supreme Head of the Church in England
	Jul. 14, 1531	Henry separates from Katherine and banishes her from court
	May 16, 1532	Sir Thomas More resigns as Lord Chancellor.
	Sep. 1, 1532	Anne Boleyn created Marquis of Pembroke
	Nov 15, 1532	Pope Clement VII threatens Henry VIII with excommunication if he does not leave Anne Boleyn
		Queen Anne Boleyn
	Jan 25, 1533	Secret marriage of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn
	Mar 30, 1533	Thomas Cranmer is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury.
	May 23, 1533	Archbishop Cranmer declares the marriage of Henry VIII and Katherine of Aragon to be invalid
	Jun 1, 1533	Coronation of Anne Boleyn
	Jun 24, 1533	Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, born.
	Jun 25, 1533	Mary Tudor, younger sister of Henry VIII, dies at Westhorpe, Suffolk.
	Jul 11, 1533	Pope Clement VII excommunicates Henry VIII.
	Sep. 7, 1533	Birth of Princess Elizabeth
	Mar 8, 1534	Henry Brandon, Earl of Lincoln, son of Charles Brandon and Mary Tudor, dies.
	Mar 23, 1534	Parliament passes Act of Succession. Only children of King's marriage to Anne Boleyn are his lawful heirs
	Mar 23, 1534	Pope pronounces Henry VIII's marriage to Katherine of Aragon valid
	Apr 20, 1534	Elizabeth Barton, known as the "Nun of Kent" is executed for high treason at Tyburn.
	May 11, 1534	Henry VIII makes peace with James V of Scotland.
	Jul. 1534	Birth of Stillborn child to Anne Boleyn
	Sep 25, 1534	Pope Clement VII dies.
	Jan 15, 1535	Henry VIII assumes the title "Supreme Head of the Church."
	Jun 22, 1535	Execution of John Fisher, Bishop of Rochester
	Jun 1535	Birth of stillborn child
	Jul. 6, 1535	Execution of Sir Thomas More
	Sep 10, 1535	Henry VIII visits Sir John Seymour at Wolf Hall, Savernake, Wiltshire. He meets his daughter, Jane Seymour for the first time.
	Nov. 1535	Henry VIII begins courting Jane Seymour
	Jan 7, 1536	Death of Katherine of Aragon
	Jan 29, 1536	Anne Boleyn gave birth to a stillborn son
	Jan 29, 1536	Katherine of Aragon buried at Peterborough Abbey
	Apr 30, 1536	Mark Smeaton, musician to Anne Boleyn, is arrested for suspicious criminal intercourse with Anne Boleyn..
	May 1, 1536	Anne Boleyn arrested and taken to the Tower of London
	May 1, 1536	Sir Henry Norris arrested for alleged affair with Anne Boleyn.
	May 2, 1536	George Boleyn arrested for high treason.
	May 4, 1536	Sir Francis Weston and Sir William Brereton arrested for high treason.
	May 5, 1536	English poet Sir Thomas Wyatt and Sir Richard Page arrested for high treason.
	May 15, 1536	Trial of Anne Boleyn
	May 17, 1536	Mark Smeaton, Henry Norris, Francis Weston, William Brereton and George Boleyn executed
	May 19, 1536	Execution of Anne Boleyn
	May 20, 1536	Henry VIII betrothed to Jane Seymour
		Queen Jane Seymour
	May 30, 1536	Henry VIII and Jane Seymour married
	Jun 4, 1536	Jane Seymour officially proclaimed Queen of England by Parliament.
	Jun 1536	Parliament passes Act of Succession. Only children of King's marriage to Jane Seymour are his lawful heirs
	Jul 6, 1536	Henry VIII meets with his daughter Mary at Hackney for the first time since his divorce from Catherine of Aragon at the instigation of Jane Seymour.
	Jul 8, 1536	Lady Margaret Douglas, niece of Henry VIII, is arrested and sent to the Tower after her betrothal to Thomas Howard without permission.
	Jul 22, 1536	Henry Fitzroy, illegitimate son of Henry VIII, dies of tuberculosis.
	Oct 9, 1536	The Pilgrimage of Grace, a popular rising in the north country against the dissolution of monasteries and religious innovations, begins under Robert Aske at Doncaster.
	Dec 21, 1536	Sir John Seymour, father of Jane, died at Wolf Hall.
	Jul 12, 1537	English rebel Robert Aske is executed.
	Oct 15, 1537	Prince Edward christened at Hampton Court.
	Oct. 12, 1537	Birth of Prince Edward
	Oct. 24, 1537	Death of Jane Seymour
	Nov 12, 1537	Jane Seymour buried at Garter Chapel at Windsor.
	Apr 3, 1538	Lady Elizabeth Howard Boleyn, mother of Anne Boleyn, dies at Reading’s Place besides Baynard’s Castle in London.
	Feb 6, 1539	Duke John III of Cleves, father of Anne, dies.
	Mar 13, 1539	Sir Thomas Boleyn, father of Anne, dies.
	Sep. 4, 1539	Henry VIII betrothed to Anne of Cleves
	Oct 6, 1539	Marriage treaty between Henry VIII and Anne of Cleves signed.
		Queen Anne of Cleves
	Jan 6, 1540	Henry VIII and Anne of Cleves married
	Apr. 1540	Henry VIII begins courting Katherine Howard
	Apr 17, 1540	Thomas Cromwell is created Earl of Essex.
	Jun 18, 1540	Thomas Cromwell is arrested for high treason.
	Jul. 9, 1540	Henry VIII's marriage to Anne of Cleves is annulled
	Jul. 28, 1540	Execution of Thomas Cromwell
		Queen Katherine Howard
	Jul. 28, 1540	Henry VIII and Katherine Howard married
	May 28, 1541	Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, is executed for treason. She is the last of the Plantagenets.
	Aug 27, 1541	Catherine Howard appoints her ex-lover Francis Dereham as her private secretary
	Oct 18, 1541	Margaret Tudor, older sister of Henry VIII, died at Methven Castle.
	Nov. 1, 1541	Henry VIII informed of Catherine's adultery
	Dec 18, 1541	Thomas Culpepper and Francis Dereham are executed at Tyburn for high treason.
	Feb. 7, 1542	Parliament passes Act of Attainder condemning Katherine Howard to death
	Feb 13, 1542	Catherine Howard executed for treason
	Feb 13, 1542	Lady Jane Rochford executed for treason for aiding in Catherine Howard's adultry
	May 5, 1542	Agnes Howard, dowager Duchess of Norfolk, is released from the Tower after being cleared of the Catherine Howard scandal.
	Mar 2, 1543	John Nevill, 3rd Baron Latimer, second husband of Catherine Parr, died in London.
		Queen Catherine Parr
	Jul. 12, 1543	Henry VIII marries Catherine Parr
	Jul 19, 1543	Lady Mary Boleyn Carey, sister of Anne Boleyn, dies.
	Jul 7, 1544	Catherine Parr is appointed Regent of England while Henry VIII is off to war in France.
	Jul 13, 1545	Catherine Parr makes amends with King Henry before the warrant for her arrest was carried out for charges of heresy.
	Apr 24, 1546	Henry VIII charters the English Navy.
	Jul 16, 1546	Anne Askew is burned at the stake at Smithfield for heresy.
	Jan 24, 1547	Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, is executed for high treason.
	Jan 28, 1547	Death of Henry VIII - accession of Edward VI, Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford becomes protector of England
	Feb 16, 1547	Henry VIII buried at St. George’s Chapel in Windsor next to Jane Seymour.

	Jan 31, 1547	Edward Seymour named Lord Protector of England.
	Feb 20, 1547	Edward VI crowned King at Westminster.
	Apr. 1547	Marriage of Katherine Parr to Thomas Seymour
	May 04, 1547	Catherine Parr secretly married Thomas Seymour.
	Aug 15, 1548	Mary, Queen of Scots, lands in France to marry the future Francis II
	Aug. 30, 1548	Birth of Mary, daughter of Katherine Parr and Thomas Seymour
	Sep. 7, 1548	Catherine Parr buried at Sudeley Castle
	Jan 15, 1549	The Act of Uniformity was passed by the House of Lords, making the Catholic Mass illegal and introducing the Book of Common Prayer.
	Jan 16, 1549	Thomas Seymour arrested and sent to Tower of London for having schemed to marry Edward VI to Lady Jane Grey (age 12) and himself to Princess Elizabeth (age 16)
	Jan 21, 1549	Katherine Ashley and Thomas Parry, members of the household of Princess Elizabeth, were arrested and taken to the Tower on suspicion of conspiring to marry the Princess Elizabeth to Thomas Seymour.
	Mar 20 1549	Thomas Seymour, baron Seymour of Sudeley is executed
	? 1549	Book of Common Prayer by Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer published
	May 20, 1549	Parliament passes an Act of Uniformity which forbids other prayer books
	Oct 10, 1549	Edward Seymour, Lord Protector, is arrested by John Dudley on suspicion of treason.
	Jun 4, 1550	Robert Dudley, son of John Dudley Earl of Warwick marries Amy Robsart.
	? 1551	42 articles of religion published by archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer
	Mar 18, 1551	Mary Tudor meets with her brother Edward in hopes of reconciling their religious differences.
	Mar 29, 1551	Henry Sidney, son of Sir William, married Mary Dudley, daughter of John Dudley.
	Jul 14, 1551	Henry Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, dies.
	Oct 11, 1551	John Dudley, Earl of Warwick, is created Duke of Northumberland.
	Jan 22, 1552	Edward Seymour, Duke of Somerset, former lord protector of England executed after trial on rumped-up charges
	Jun 27, 1552	King Edward sets out on an extended progress through the southern and western regions of England.
	Apr 14, 1552	Parliament passes a more radical Book of Common Prayer in the Second Act of Uniformity
	May 21, 1553	Lady Jane Grey unwillingly marries Guildford Dudley, youngest of John in a double ceremony with her sister Catherine who married Lord William Herbert.
	Jun 21, 1553	King Edward VI signs a statement naming Lady Jane Grey as his successor.
	Jul. 6, 1553	Edward VI dies - accession of Mary I

	1553	Treaty of marriage arranged between Mary I and Prince Philip of Spain
	!553	Insurrection against Mary I is led by Henry Grey, duke of Suffolk whose daughter, Jane is married to Lord Guildford Dudley as part of a plot to alter the succession
	Jul 10, 1553	Lady Jane Grey is proclaimed Queen of England.
	Jul. 19, 1553	Forces loyal to Mary I disperse Suffolk's troops and Jane Grey is imprisoned in the Tower of London. Mary proclaimed Queen
	Aug. 3, 1553	Mary enters London
	Aug 8, 1553	Edward VI is buried at Westminster.
	Aug 18, 1553	John Dudley is tried and convicted of treason.
	Aug. 22, 1553	Duke of Northumberland, John Dudley executed at the Tower of London.
	Aug 23, 1553	Catholic Bishop Stephen Gardiner is appointed Lord Chancellor of England upon his release from the Tower. He was imprisoned there during Edward’s reign.
	Oct 1, 1553	Mary crowned Queen.
	Oct 5, 1553	Mary holds first Parliament to legitimize the marriage of her father Henry VIII and her mother Catherine of Aragon.
	Nov 13, 1553	Lady Jane Grey is tried to for treason.
	Nov 14, 1553	Queen Mary pardons Lady Jane Grey.
	1554	Duke of Suffolk released from prison as show of clemency. Suffolk again proclaims his daughter Jane, Queen and tries to rally support
	Jan 12, 1554	The marriage treaty is signed between Mary and Philip II of Spain.
	Jan 22, 1554	Sir Thomas Wyatt raises a new insurgent army and occupies Rochester
	Feb. 7, 1554	Some of Wyatt's men are cut off by the Queen's forces and others desert. Wyatt surrenders.
	Feb. 12, 1554	Lady Jane Grey and her husband are executed
	Feb 23, 1554	Henry Grey, father of Lady Jane Grey is executed.
	Mar 9, 1554	Frances Brandon, mother of Lady Jane Grey, marries Adrian Stokes.
	Mar 15, 1554	Sir Thomas Wyatt is tried for treason
	Mar 18, 1554	Princess Elizabeth is sent to the Tower for suspicion of complicity in Sir Thomas Wyatt’s rebellion.
	Apr. 11, 1554	Sir Thomas Wyatt is executed
	May 19, 1554	Princess Elizabeth transfers from the Tower of London to Woodstock.
	Jul 25, 1554	Queen Mary marries Philip II of Spain.
	Nov 30, 1554	Sir Philip Sidney born at Penshurst, Kent.
	1555	Mary I returns England to the Catholic faith persecuting Protestants.
	Feb 9, 1555	John Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, is burned at the stake for heresy.
	Apr 11, 1555	Juana of Castile, sister of Catherine of Aragon and mother of Emperor Charles V, dies at Tordesillas.
	Oct. 16, 1555	Hugh Latimer, bishop of Worcester, and Nicholas Ridley, bishop of London burned at the stake
	Nov 12, 1555	Stephen Gardiner, Lord Chancellor of England, dies at Whitehall, London.
	Jan 1, 1556	Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York, appointed Lord Chancellor of England.
	Feb. 14, 1556	Archbishop of Canterbury Thomas Cranmer is degraded from his office
	Mar 8, 1556	Queen Mary grants charter of the founding of Holy Trinity College at Oxford.
	March 21, 1556	Thomas Cranmer renounces Rome and is burned at the stake
	Apr. 1556	Reginald Pole is named Archbishop of Canterbury
	Feb 27, 1557	Queen Mary receives Osep Nepea, the first Russian ambassador ever to set foot on English soil.
	Jun 7, 1557	England declares war on France.
	Jul. 16, 1557	Death of Anne of Cleves
	Jan 7, 1558	The French capture Calais from the English, which belonged to England for more than 200 years.
	Apr 24, 1558	Mary, Queen of Scots, marries the future Francis II of France.
	Sep 21, 1558	Emperor Charles V dies at the monastery of Yuste in Estremadura.
	Nov. 17, 1558	Death of Mary I accession of Elizabeth I

	? 1558	Robert Dudley, Elizabeth's court favorite is named to the privy council
	Jan 13, 1559	Elizabeth crowned Queen of England
	Apr 2, 1559	Peace treaty signed at Cambrasis between England and France. Calais is to remain in French hands for eight years and then be restored to England under a penalty of 500,000 crowns
	Jun 24, 1559	The Elizabethan Prayer Book is first used.
	Jul 10, 1559	King Henry II of France dies. He is succeeded by his son, Francis II and his wife, Mary, Queen of Scots. Queen Mary of Scotland and France assumes the title Queen of England also
	Nov 11, 1559	Frances Brandon, mother of Lady Jane Grey, dies in London.
	1560	French troops in Scotland try to assert Queen Mary's claim to the English throne, considered Illegitimate by Catholics
	1560	English troops besiege the French at Leith Scotland
	Jun 1560	Mary's mother Marie of Lorraine, who has acted as regent in Scotland for her daughter , dies
	Jun 11, 1560	Mary of Guise, Regent of Scotland, dies.
	Jul. 6, 1560	Treaty of Edinburgh ends French interference in Scotland
	Sep 8, 1560	Amy Robsart, wife of Robert Dudley, is found dead at the foot of the stairs in her home, Cumnor Place outside Oxford. She appeared to have fallen down the stairs and broken her neck but rumors fly that Robert conspired to have her murdered in order to marry Elizabeth.
	Dec. 5, 1560	Francois II King of France dies. His brother is crowned Charles IX
	Dec 15, 1560	Sir Thomas Parry, cofferer to Queen Elizabeth, dies.
	Aug 10, 1561	Lady Catherine Grey, sister of Lady Jane and next in line to the English throne, is arrested for marrying Edward Seymour, Earl of Hertford without Elizabeth’s permission, and taken to the Tower.
	Aug. 19, 1561	Mary Queen of Scots returns to Scotland and becomes embroiled in arguments with Calvinist John Knox who's Confession of Faith denied Papal authority in Scotland
	Sep. 20, 1561	Treaty signed at Hampton Court pledging Elizabeth's support of the persecuted French Huguenots.
	Sep 24, 1561	Lady Catherine Grey gives birth to a son, Edward, in the Tower of London.
	1561	English navigator John Hawkins hijacks Portuguese slave ship, trading the slaves in Brazil for ginger, pearls and sugar beginning England's participation in the slave trade
	Jul 15, 1562	Elizabeth cancels a scheduled meeting with Mary, Queen of Scots because of Mary’s continued attacks on French Protestants.
	1563	Mary Queen of Scots sends her secretary to Elizabeth claiming the right of succession
		Anglican Church (Church of England) established by adoption of Thomas Cranmer's 39 articles
		Sir John Hawkins brings the potato to England ( it could have been a sweet potato)
	1564	Elizabeth takes a share of John Hawkins' 2nd slave run and loans him one of her ships
	1565	London Royal Exchange founded
		Royal College of Physicians given authority to dissect human cadavers
		John Hawkins introduces tobacco to England
	Mar 9, 1566	Italian secretary to Mary Queen of Scots is murdered in front of her by Scottish nobles acting on order from her husband Henry Lord Darnley
	Jun 19, 1566	Mary, Queen of Scots gives birth to James (later James I of England).
	Feb. 10, 1567	Lord Darnley, husband of Mary Queen of Scots is murdered. Mary is suspected of complicity
	Apr. 24, 1567	Queen Mary of Scotland is kidnapped by James Hepburn, earl of Bothwell
	May 15, 1567	Mary marries the earl of Bothwell in a Protestant service provoking a rebellion
	Jul. 24, 1567	Mary is forced to put aside Bothwell and sign an abdication in favor of her 13 month old son
	May 13, 1568	Mary of Scotland escapes from captivity, is defeated at Langside, flees to England and is placed in captivity by Elizabeth
	1568	Sir John Hawkins is ambushed at sea by the Spanish around the West Indies. He looses 2 ships which precipitates an undeclared state of war
		English explorer David Ingram travels from the Gulf of Mexico north to Canada
	Jan 27, 1568	Lady Catherine Grey dies.
	1569	English earls near the Scottish border rebel against Elizabeth but are easily suppressed
	Oct 1, 1569	Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk is imprisoned in the Tower for attempting to marry Mary, Queen of Scots.
	Jan 2, 1571	Marriage negotiations are open between Elizabeth and Henry, Duke of Anjou.
	Feb 25, 1571	Sir William Cecil is created Lord Burghley.
		Sir Francis Drake puts to sea to attempt to capture Spanish galleons carrying silver
	Apr 23, 1572	Queen Elizabeth knights Walter Devereux, Earl of Hereford, for his defeat of the Catholic earls of the north who rose in revoly in 1571.
	Aug 22, 1572	Thomas Percy, seventh Earl of Northumberland, is executed at York for treason.
	1573	Sir Francis Drake captures largest haul in history - a shipment of silver from Potosi mines destined for Spain
	Dec 21, 1573	Sir Francis Walsingham appointed Principal Secretary of State
	May 30, 1574	King Charles IX of France dies. He is succeeded by Henry III.
	Jun 2, 1574	Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is executed at the Tower of London for treason.
	Dec 12, 1574	Anne of Denmark, daughter of Frederick II and Queen Consort of James I, born
	May 17, 1575	Mathew Parker, Archbishop of Canterbury, dies.
	Jul 22, 1575	Two Dutch Anabaptists are burned at the stake at Smithfield by order of Queen Elizabeth.
	Nov 14, 1575	Queen Elizabeth refuses to accept the sovereignty of the Netherlands, which William the Silent of Orange, in desperation at the course of war, had agreed to have offered to her.
	May 9, 1576	The Earl of Essex is reappointed "Earl Marshal of Ireland".
	Sep 22, 1576	The Earl of Essex dies.
	1577	Sir Francis Drake leaves with a fleet of ships to sail down the coast of Africa to South America
	1578	Francis Drake sails through the Strait of Magellan loosing 4 of his ships. He ravages the coasts of Chile and Peru
		Elizabeth grants a patent to Sir Humphrey Gilbert to inhabit and possess all remote and heathen lands. He begins to search for the Northwest Passage
	Mar 10, 1578	Queen Elizabeth pays a subsidy of 20,000 pounds to John Casimir of the Palatinate to aid the Dutch.
	Apr 14, 1578	James Hepburn, third husband of Mary, Queen of Scots, dies in confinement in the castle of Dragsholm, Zeeland.
	Apr 20, 1578	Lady Mary Grey, sister of Lady Jane, dies.
	Jun 11, 1578	Queen Elizabeth grants a patent to Sir Humphrey Gilbert to explore and colonize the New World.
	Sep 21, 1578	Robert Dudley secretly marries Lady Lettice Knollys, widow of the Earl of Essex and cousin to Queen Elizabeth, at Wanstead.
	Sep 26, 1578	Sir Humphrey Gilbert sets sails from Dartmouth to the New World. The attempt soon fails due to lack of equipment and lack of discipline among his crew.
	Jun 17, 1579	Sir Francis Drake puts in for repairs north of present day San Francisco and proclaims England’s sovereignty over New Albion (California).
	Aug 17, 1579	Francis, Duke of Anjou, visits Queen Elizabeth at Greenwich with the intent to marry her.
	Oct 7, 1579	The Privy Council fails to give Queen Elizabeth the support she expects in the proceedings of a marriage treaty with the Duke of Anjou.
	Jan 9, 1580	John Smith, early settler of the Jamestown colony in Virginia, is baptized at Willoughby-By-Alford, Lincolnshire.
	Sep 19, 1580	Katherine Brandon Bertie, Dowager Duchess of Suffolk and cousin to Queen Elizabeth, dies.
	Sep 26, 1580	Sir Francis Drake returns to England after being the first Englishman to circumnavigate the world
	1581	Sir Francis Drake takes the richest prize ever captured on the high seas - gold, silver, gems worth as much as the crown's total revenue for one year. Spain protests and wants restitution. Elizabeth keeps the booty
	Mar 18, 1581	Parliament passes a severe legislation against Roman Catholics, to retain their obedience to the Queen, with fines of 100 marks for hearing Mass and 20 pounds per month for recusancy.
	May 4, 1581	Francis Drake is knighted by Queen Elizabeth.
	Nov 7, 1581	The marriage treaty between Queen Elizabeth and the Duke of Anjou is signed.
	Dec 24, 1582	The London Bridge Waterworks begins piping water into private homes for the first time.
	Jun 11, 1583	Sir Humphrey Gilbert departs England with five ships for the New World.
	Jun 18, 1583	The first known life insurance policy is made in England on the life of William Gibbons for one year at eight percent premium.
	Jul 6, 1583	Edmund Grindal, Archbishop of Canterbury, dies.
	Aug 3, 1583	Sir Humphrey Gilbert arrives at Newfoundlands and claims it in the name of the Crown.
	Sep 9, 1583	Sir Humphrey Gilbert drowns at sea enroute back to England.
	1583	Humphrey Gilbert claims Newfoundland in the name of Elizabeth
		England and Turkey establish trade
	Mar 25, 1584	Walter Raleigh, who accompanied Sir Humphrey Gilbert on his voyage to the New World, renews Gilbert’s patent to explore and settle in North America.
	Jun 4, 1584	Virginia colony of Roanoke Island established by Sir Walter Raleigh
	Jun 15, 1584	Francis, Duke of Anjou, dies at Chateau-Thiery.
	1585	Treaty of Nonesuch allies England with the Protestant United Provinces breaking with Spain
		Sir Francis Drake sails for the West Indies with 30 ships to attack Spanish interests
	Jun 29, 1585	Queen Elizabeth declines offers by the Dutch commission for soverignty of the Low Countries.
	Jul 27, 1585	Sir Walter Raleigh sends new expedition to Virginia under his cousin Sir Richard Greenville and Sir Ralph Lane
		Chesapeake Bay discovered by Sir Ralph Lane
		Davis Strait discovered by John Davis while trying to find the Northwest Passage
	Aug 14, 1585	Queen Elizabeth issues a declaration taking the Netherlands under her protection.
	Dec 8, 1585	Robert Dudley sets sail with an English army to fight the Spanish forces who are occupying the Netherlands.
	1586	Sir Francis Drake attacks San Domingo forcing the Governor to pay ransom
		Sir Francis Walsingham discovers plot to assassinate Elizabeth and free Mary Queen of Scots led by Anthony Babbington
	Jul 1, 1586	Queen Elizabeth and James VI of Scotland form a league of amity with the Treaty of Berwick.
	Oct 17, 1586	Sir Philip Sidney dies.
	Oct. 25, 1586	Mary Queen of Scots is convicted of involvement in the Babbington plot
		Sir Francis Drake picks up Ralph Lane and other Roanoke settlers and sets sail for England
		Sir Richard Granville captures Spanish ship and pillages the Azores on his return to England to organize defenses against a Spanish Invasion
		Navigator Thomas Cavendish begins 2 year voyage around the world - making him the 3rd man to do it
	Feb. 8, 1587	Mary Queen of Scots beheaded
	Apr 19, 1587	Philip II of Spain's invasion fleet preparation is interrupted by Sir Francis Drake's invasion of Port of Cadiz
	Jun 18, 1587	Queen Elizabeth appoints Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, as Master of Horse.
	Jul 22, 1587	John White leads an expedition to the English Roanoke Colony.
	Aug 13, 1587	Manteo, an Indian residing at the Roanoke colony, is baptized into the Church of England and invested with the power as Lord of Roanoke.
	Aug. 18, 1587	Virginia Dare born in Roanoke colony making her the first English child born in North America
		Sir Francis Drake captures Spanish treasure ship Sao Felipe
		Eggplant introduced into England
	1588	Spanish Armada of 132 ships sails for England. England's navy consists of 34 ships and 163 armed merchant vessels
	July 31, 1588	The navies of Spain and England engage
	Aug. 8, 1588	Spanish Armada defeated by English and a great storm. This victory opens the world to English colonization
	Sep 4, 1588	Robert Dudley dies at Cornbury from possible cancer of the stomach.
		English merchants found the Guinea Company to traffic in slaves from Africa's Guinea coast
	1589	First knitting machine invented by clergyman William Lee. Elizabeth refuses to grant a patent, so the machines are set up in Rouen
		England imports wood from Norway because of extensive deforestation
	Dec 22, 1589	King James VI marries Anne of Denmark.
	Apr 6, 1590	Sir Francis Walsingham dies.
	May 17, 1590	Anne of Denmark is crowned Queen of Scotland.
	Aug 17, 1590	John White returns to Roanoke after being delayed by war with Spain to find that the colony has vanished
	Apr 10, 1591	James Lancaster leaves Plymouth on his first voyage to the East Indies.
	Apr 17, 1591	Queen Elizabeth sends Sir John Norris with 3000 men to aid King Henry IV of France.
	Sep 5, 1591	Sir Richard Grenville dies.
	1593	Elizabeth tells Parliament that she has the right to assent or dissent from anything they do.
		Statutes are pending that will impose stiff penalties on people who refuse to attend Church of England services and make it a crime to attend Catholic services.
		Admiral Sir Richard Hawkins trys to voyage around the world - unsuccessfully. He reports 10,000 have died of scurvy in the British Navy
		Coal Mining is boosted by wood shortage
	1594	Sir Richard Hawkins rounds Cape Horn, plunders Spanish ports and is taken prisoner. He is not ransomed until 1602
	Feb 19, 1594	Henry Frederick, son of James VI, born at Stirling Castle.
	1595	Irish Catholic leader Hugh O.Neill, earl of Tyrone captures Irish castles and approaches Spain's Philip II for help against England. Elizabeth proclaims him a traitor.
		Spanish forces land in Cornwall and burn the towns of Penzance and Mousehole
		Sir Walter Raleigh sails to explore the Orinoco River of South America
	Nov 12, 1595	Sir John Hawkins, English navigator, dies off the coast of Puerto Rico.
	1596	English fleet under the earl of Essex, Lord Howard of Effingham and Francis Vere captures Cadiz
	Jan 28, 1596	Sir Francis Drake dies of the plague while at sea
		The Water Closet is invented by poet Sir John Harington but has few buyers
	Aug 19, 1596	Elizabeth of Bohemia, daughter of James VI of Scotland, born at Dumferline.
	1597	Philip II sends a 2nd armada against England. A storm scatters his ships.
		The Tomato is introduced into England as an ornamental plant
		Elizabeth makes Robert Devereux, earl of Essex the earl marshal of England
		The blackness of Elizabeth's teeth is noticed by a German traveler who attributes them to her excessive consumption of sugar.
	1598	Irish rebel forces defeat the English at the Battle of Yellow Ford
	Aug 4, 1598	Sir William Cecil, Lord Burghley, dies in London.
	Sep 13, 1598	King Philip II of Spain dies. He is succeeded by Philip III.
	1599	The Earl of Essex is sent to Ireland to subdue the rebels but is defeated and makes a truce with the them instead. He returns home to England to vindicate himself
		English Geographer Richard Hakluyt publishes a recognizable map of North America
	1600	The East India Co. is chartered in London challenging Dutch control of the spice trade
		Tobacco is sold in London for its weight in silver shillings
	1601	Elizabeth refuses to renew the earl of Essex's patent for sweet wines as punishment for his failure in Ireland. He takes to the streets of London in hopes of gaining popular support, which he doesn't get. He surrenders to the Queen's troops, is put on trial and beheaded
		England enacts a law similar to Scotland's Poor Law for the relief of the needy
		Captain James Lancaster of the East India Co. gives his crew lemon and orange juice. His 200 men are the only crew not decimated by scurvy.
		William Parry of the Persian expedition introduces coffee into England
	1602	English mariner Bartholomew Gosnold explores New England

Mar 24, 1603

Elizabeth I dies at the age of 69 after a reign of 45 years ending the Tudor monarchy . She is succeeded by Scotland's James VI, Stuart son of the late Mary Queen of Scots, who becomes James I, uniting England and Scotland

		Credits
		Kevin Currin a Tudor History scholar at the University of California San Diego is co-author of this extensive chronology. Thanks to his additions and corrections, this page may be of use to students of this fascinating period. Rupert Barnes of the United Kingdom for pointing out I had used the arms of Denmark on the first iteration of this page. I am, of course, responsible for any remaining errors. Kelly